The Connecticut Environmental Health Association

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Air Pollutants & Health Effects

OZONE    Reported most often during Spring & Summer. Ozone is produced when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides (primarily generated by automobiles) combine in the presence of sunlight. Ozone irritates the eyes, nose and throat, reduces defenses to infection, increases respiratory problems, and is a contributing factor to chronic lung diseases. It is the most widespread pollutant affecting both rural and urban areas.

SULFUR OXIDES    Reported most during the heating season. They are generated primarily by the burning of sulfur-containing fuels for heat and electricity generation. Sulfur oxides irritate the upper respiratory tract and can damage lung tissues when combined with particles.

PARTICULATES    Also reported more often during the heating season. Many types of industrial operations as well as the burning of many fuels produce them. Particulates consist of solids and liquids such as dust, smoke, mists and sprays. Particulates can irritate and damage the respiratory tract especially when they combine with gases such as sulfur oxides, ozone and nitrogen oxides.

Health standards also have been established for carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and lead. These pollutants are not monitored as part of the Air Quality Index.

Department of Environmental Protection
EPA